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French grammar · B1

Pronouns: y and en

A clear, example-first explanation built for CLB 6 / B1 — the level you need for TCF / TEF Canada.

Overview

Two tiny words that replace whole phrases. Y = replaces a place or "à + thing". En = replaces partitive (du/de la/des) or "de + thing".

Y replaces a place

Y goes BEFORE the verb. Replaces à/dans/sur/chez + place.

Y replaces à + thing (not person)

For people use lui/leur; for things use y.

En replaces partitive / de + thing

For "some of it" or quantity.

Position

Y/en go BEFORE the verb in simple tenses. In passé composé, before the auxiliary. In imperative affirmative, AFTER with hyphen.

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More grammar

Articles: le, la, les, un, une, des · Verb: être (to be) — Present · Verb: avoir (to have) — Present · Regular -er Verbs (Present) · Negation: ne ... pas · Asking Questions

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